Medieval Universities Essay - 726 Words

Medieval Universities The appearance of universities was part of the same high-medieval education boom. Originally universities were institutions where students could attain specialized instruction in advanced studies. These types of studies were not available in the average cathedral schools. Advanced schools existed in the ancient world, but did not promote a fixed curricula or award degrees. The term university originally meant a corporation of guild. All universities were corporations of students or teachers. Guilds were originally established to protect the interests and rights of the members. The majority of the universities practiced diverse curriculum ( a few universities did specialize in medicine or law). A new†¦show more content†¦This is usually done by filling out a questionnaire. At this point in time, the student has already endured a full term of a professor. If the professor is doing a horrible or unfair job, the student is forced to endure this without any relief. Not only does this affect the students drive to learn, but also his ability to learn. Having a poor professor hinders the students learning capabilities. When this happens, the student has usually forgotten most of what he learned by the end of the term. This makes a total waste of time and money. As for medieval times, the student guilds began to have enormous power during the 13th century. Students could discharge professors that did not meet the specifications of a good professor. The students only had to refuse to attend the classes. Professors of this time also had to pledge allegiance to a guild. The guild would provide the professors salary. Professors were dependent to the students and had to receive permission from the students for any changes. Holidays and beginning and duration time of lectures were decided by the student guilds. With the passage of time, guilds began to structure the curriculum, and the time duration of each subject. A fine would be imposed if the professor omitted material or went over the designated duration time of lectures. The student guilds were kept informed of a professors behavior and incompetence and would discipline the professorShow MoreRelatedLife at a Medieval University1406 Words   |  6 PagesLife at a medieval university for clerics was in many regards similar to our present day college experience. When college was in session, life was basically split into two categories; life in the books, and life outside the books if you will. Scholars needed to focus their attention to the tasks at hand during learning hours. As we know today, the more time you spend studying, the better grades you’ll achieve. On the other hand, scholars needed a release from the daily grind of constant academicRead MoreEssay on Universities Medieval And Mode675 Words   |  3 Pages Universities: Medieval and Modern nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Universities have existed since the Twelfth Century AD and have been evolving ever since. There have been many changes however many things have remained unchanged throughout the years. The student and teacher roles have evolved as well as the general purpose of going to a university. Overall the academic aspects have changed more than the personal aspects of college. In 1200, the King of France issued a statement (118)* regardingRead MoreExamining How Medieval Universities Have Impacted Modern Universities700 Words   |  3 Pagesstill affects us today is the rise of universities and higher education. This new form of community teaching led to a rapid increase in the percentage of people who were literate in the Middle Ages and continued to flourish into a world-wide phenomenon which has changed the world of today and allows millions of people to delve deeper into their preferred area of interest and allow them to obtain a degree. Around 800-1050 A.D., prior to the formation of universities, getting an education was extremelyRead MoreThe Evolution of the Motet Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesdemise in the 18th century with Mozart. It played an integral role in the shape of church music and helped move music into madrigals and into the public’s secular eye. More specifically its fruition can be categorized into the three eras of music: Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque. The motet developed from simple organum (a form of early polyphony based on an existing plainsong) into Mozart’s very famous â€Å"Ave Verum Corpus.† To truly understand what something has become, we must first see where itsRead MoreThe Author of the Black Death: John Aberth Essay828 Words   |  4 Pagesother colleges in Vermont, including the University of Vermont. In 1992, John Aberth received his Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge in Medieval Studies after he received his masters from the University of Leeds. He is the author of five books, whose main focus is the effects of the Black Death in the later Middle Ages, including The First Horsemen: Disease in Human History, The Black Death: The Great Mortality of 1348-1350, and A Knight at the Movies: Medieval History on Film. Published in 2001Read MoreThe Tragedy Of The Black Death1379 Words   |  6 Pagespreparation. ¹ People also lived immorally and their religion became superstitions to them since they knew death was knocking at the door, and Christians and Muslims believed the ultimate cause of the Black Death was the Wrath of God ¹. When facing death, medieval society in 1348 looked to the Church, just as they did to medics, for rituals of comfort.3 â€Å"Fearing contagion, burials became hasty affairs. By law, no one other than immediate family could accompany the body to the cemetery and many city governmentsRead MoreCritical Analysis Of The Wife Of Bath1521 Words   |  7 Pagesof the female voice and their value outside of being a wife and mother. â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Tale† provides one of the most intriguing medieval cultural insights to gender studies. The reader joins a pilgrimage with the Canterbury Tale’s most audacious and sexually unrestricted female narra tors who also gives a personal account of the conflicts women faced in Medieval England. The complexities, ambiguities and wit of his characters allows Chaucer to evoke humor in this tale, while displaying a sensitivityRead MoreThe Deadly Black Death Plague Of Europe1054 Words   |  5 PagesEuropean counterparts(Brown University, 2010). Environmental Implications The black plague was responsible for dying crops , deteriorating fields, and bedding grasslands . This loss of yielding farm land caused starvation along with death of cattle due to lack of care from absent caretakers who were stricken by the disease. Villages and towns became non- existent . The disease single-handedly change the populous demographic make-up of medieval Europe as the scarceRead MoreThe difference between medieval and early modern is one of degree rather than strict demarcation. Discuss this idea in the context of any two writers you have read.(Everyman and Dr Faustus)2404 Words   |  10 PagesThe medieval and early modern periods were eras with distinctive issues and ideals. Some of their key themes were very similar, such as the importance of religion and the role it played in everyday life, while other matters were unique to their time, such as the medieval selling of indulgences, or the early modern Reformation of the Church. These examples illustrate clea rly the mixture of change and stasis in the two ages, as a subject shared by both periods yielded so great a diversity of issuesRead MoreWomen In Geoffrey Chaucers Canterbury Tales1288 Words   |  6 Pagesof women is different, and trace their role within Chaucer’s masterpiece. In doing so, first some general characteristics of how women were viewed during the medieval period are presented, and then there is an analysis of how they are presented in Chaucer and the differences from the stereotype. The Medieval Society and Women The medieval period was characterized by major social changes that were reflected both in the everyday lives of people but also in the literature produced during that period

Essay about Upton Sinclair And The Chicago Meat-Packing...

Upton Sinclair and the Chicago Meat-packing Industry In 1900, there were over 1.6 million people living in Chicago, the countrys second largest city. Of those 1.6 million, nearly 30% were immigrants. Most immigrants came to the United States with little or no money at all, in hope of making a better life for themselves. A city like Chicago offered these people jobs that required no skill. However, the working and living conditions were hazardous and the pay was barely enough to survive on. This is the bases for Upton Sinclairs book, The Jungle. Sinclair agreed to investigate working conditions in Chicagos meatpacking plants, for the Socialist journal, Appeal to Reason, in 1904. The Jungle, published in 1906, is†¦show more content†¦They needed help from the government and local community. In other words, machine politics. Politicians played an important role in the political machine. In order to maintain this role, they received substantial kickbacks from the owners of the factories. They would recruit people to help the immigrants become citizens of the United States, and then pay the immigrants to vote for a specific candidate, often several times. Before the Progressive Party materialized, there were just the Democrats and the Republicans, and the one got the office which bought the most votes. Readers were not concerned with the treatment of workers, as portrayed by The Jungle, because they really didnt care for the working class, or more specifically, immigrants. However, readers were shocked when they discovered exactly how their meat was processed and prepared. Sinclair used just as much, if not more, gruesome detail in describing the products the American public was consuming, as he did when describing the workplace, living conditions, politics, society and Chicagos scenery. In a futile attempt to build up the readers sympathy toward the wage-slaves, Sinclair also details the process in which foods not related to the meat-packing industry are prepared. For example, he write s, their pale blue milk...was watered, and doctored with formaldehyde. The controversy over foodShow MoreRelatedUpton Sinclair and the Chicago Meat-Packing Industry1072 Words   |  5 PagesUpton Sinclair and the Chicago Meat-packing Industry In 1900, there were over 1.6 million people living in Chicago, the countrys second largest city. Of those 1.6 million, nearly 30% were immigrants. Most immigrants came to the United States with little or no money at all, in hope of making a better life for themselves. A city like Chicago offered these people jobs that required no skill. However, the working and living conditions were hazardous and the pay was barely enough to surviveRead MoreUpton Sinclair s The Food Industry958 Words   |  4 PagesMikayla Peri Ms. Maxwell English III 10. Feb. 2015 Upton Sinclair Upton Sinclair, the most influential writer regarding the food industry was born in Baltimore 1879. Growing up in a poor family with an alcoholic father was difficult for Upton (Simkin, John). Upton often lived with his wealthy grandparents during his childhood due to the instability in his own home. Moving from his poor parents house to his grandparents rich house constantly made him see the injustice in the American society, thisRead MoreThe Jungle Essay example944 Words   |  4 PagesThe book, The Jungle, by Upton Sinclair had a major impact on the way the world saw the American Meat Packing Industry. While Upton Sinclair originally intended to appeal to the public’s heart concerning the conditions and the treatment of workers, it was obvious that the book had more of an impact on the meat industry. The public was outraged by the stories of waste meat being canned as wholesome meat, workers falling into vats and being processed as lard, and dead animals being processed whenRead MoreThe Rise Of The Progressive Era1418 Words   |  6 Pagescities. Furthermore, they attacked big corporations, such as the Armour meat-packing company and others, for how harsh their practices were. The progressives exposed these companies and how they treated workers, removed competitors, and set high prices. The meatpacking industry capitalized when the growth of livestock farming in the Midwest started to grow rapidly. Meatpacking companies and industries, such as the Armour meat-packing company, handle the slaughtering, processing, and distribution of animalsRead MoreUpton Sinclair: A Voice For Food Safety Essay1501 Words   |  7 Pagescentered on immigrant life in the Chicago meat packing district. â€Å"The Jungle,† was written by Upton Sinclair, a 27 year old author from Baltimore under a $500 advance from a socialist newspaper. This novel soon became a focus of controversy and change within the United States. Though known more for it’s horrifi c portrayal of the conditions inside slaughterhouses, only 60 pages of the 413 pages that make up â€Å"The Jungle† detail the goings-on of the meat packing industry.Sinclair’s book was intendedRead MoreThe Food Industry From The 20th Century1674 Words   |  7 PagesThe Food Industry from the 20th to the 21st Century Throughout human history, there have always been people who step up to make a change in our world. When people encounter something they don’t like they want to change it. The author of The Jungle and the producers of Food, Inc. are no exception. During the early 20th century the meat packing industry was a filthy and cruel business. Cruel to both the people that worked in the factories and the animals that were killed there. The industry has changedRead MoreThe Jungle by Upton Sinclair Student Critique1539 Words   |  7 PagesThe book The Jungle was introduced as a novel by Upton Sinclair was financed and published with his own money. Upton Sinclair was a famous novelist and social crusader from California. He was born on 20 September 1878 in Baltimore Md. He was the only child of Priscilla Harden and Upton Beall Sinclair. Upton Sinclair’s childhood was lived in poverty, one where his father was an alcoholic, his job as an alcohol salesman most likely contributed to h is disease. And although his own family was extremelyRead More Upton Sinclairs Purpose in Writing The Jungle Essay1141 Words   |  5 PagesUpton Sinclairs Purpose in Writing The Jungle Upton Sinclair wrote this book for a couple of reasons. First and foremost, he tries to awaken the reader to the terrible living conditions of immigrants in the cities around the turn of the century. Chicago has the most potent examples of these conditions. Secondly, he attempts to show the advantages of socialism in helping to remedy the problems of a society such as the one that exists in Chicago at this time. Sinclair accomplishesRead MoreThe Jungle By Upton Sinclair1000 Words   |  4 Pagesstomach (Upton Sinclair).† Upton Sinclair originally intended to expose the horrible conditions faced by immigrants as they tried to survive in Chicago s Meat-Packing District in his 1904 novel â€Å"The Jungle.† Sinclair’s book created fear and anger in the public which would lead to the passage of the Meat Inspection Act of 1906. The Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906 (FMIA)is a law that makes it a crime to adulterate or misbrand meat and meat products being sold as food, and ensures that meat and meatRead MoreMain Goals of The Progressive Movement Essay2006 Words   |  9 Pagesjournalist and novel writer named Upton Sinclair. He was most known for his book The Jungle, which became a worldwide bestseller and dramatically changed food regulation during the Progressive Era. Many people saw the results of this book as good, but they did not see the corruption it caused. Upton Si nclair’s The Jungle changed food regulation in America forever, but the effects that came about because of The Jungle were more detrimental than beneficial. Upton Beall Sinclair grew up in a poor family, always

Basic Ecological Concept Free Essays

Basic Ecological Concept Levels of Organization Cells- are composed of Cell Membrane, Nucleus and Protoplasm. Tissue-is an aggregation of cells performing a common function or functions. Organs- is the aggregation of tissues usually forming a definite shapes, and performing a definite function within an organ system. We will write a custom essay sample on Basic Ecological Concept or any similar topic only for you Order Now Organ System-is a group of organs that perform coordinated functions together to keep the organism alive and functioning well. The scope of the biology includes the study of all these and may extend to the level of the organism such as behavior, and the organism mechanism for interacting with its environment. Ecology started from the study of the organism-a group of organisms that is similar in appearance, behavior and genetic make up belong to the same species. The biological species concept state that members of a species are those individual that are genetically related enough to be able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Population The group of the individuals belonging to one species and is found together in a define area at a certain time. A population possesses characteristics that more empirically describe the group such as: population Density, Dispersion, Natality, Mortality, Growth, Age Distribution, and Reproductive potential. Population Density Describe the degree of crowdedness of a population in a given area. Crude Density may be computed from the number of individuals or the total population biomass per unit space. Ecological or specific Density describes the number or biomass per unit of space that is actually available to the population. Dispersion The distribution of organisms over the space where they are found. Three pattern have been observed: clumped, random, and uniform. The clumped Distribution is the most common type of pattern since the soil or medium on which organisms are found in nature are not uniform. Random Distribution is rare in nature, occurring only where the soil is generally rich so that the plants can grow and thrive anywhere. Uniform Distribution is found in artificial cultivated areas. Natality/Morality Natality corresponds to what is termed in humans as birth rate or the number of new individuals produced in the pupolation for a period of time. Morality is known as death rate in human demographics, or the number of deaths in a given time period. Growth Is an important feature of a population since the increases or decreases of population size determines its interaction with other populations in the community and its impact on the environment. Age Distribution Is classifies the population according to age brackets or to general age groups such as prereproductive, reproductive and postreproductive. Reproductive Potential The Reproductive potential of a population is its theoretical capacity to produce the maximum number of offspring in ideal conditions. Community The community has properties that may be used to further clarify its composition and its interaction with the environment. Like species dominance, diversity, relative abundance, species richness and evenness. Dominance Is attained by a species in a community by virtue of a greater number of individuals, or by size such as the overwhelming sizes of sequoia trees, or any other attribute that enables the species to control the community. Diversity Diversity is the opposite of dominance, a case where no single species has greater number or biomass or other relative importance than other species in the community. Ecosystem The basic unit of ecology because it includes the living and nonliving components. The setting includes necessary nonliving components such as soil, water, air, and the cycles that keep and renew them, which are collectively called the biogeochemical cycles. Bioenergetics Energy is necessary for maintaining the life processes of organisms. The sun is the source of all the energy that goes into the ecosystem. The solar ystem is radiated on to the earth where a tiny fraction of it is tapped by plants and used in photosynthesis. Solar energy released in the form of light waves called photons. Herbivores are organism that feed on plants. Carnivores are organism that feed on other organism. Omnivores are organism that consume both plants and animals. Food Chain The sequence of eating and being eaten may be describe d by food chain. It also indicates the role, the feeding mode and rank of each organism. Food Web A food web shows the various possibilities of the sequence of eating and being eaten in the ecosystem. There are two major types of food webs in the ecosystem: the grazing food web is the more conspicuous type because it is usually composed of large plants and animals that are familiar. Law of Energy First law of thermodynamics stated that energy is never created nor destroyed but is transformed from one form to another. Second law of thermodynamics states that as energy is transformed it degrades or diminishes. Biogeochemical Cycles Substances that organisms need to survive are called nutrients such as water, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Nutrients move through the ecosystem in cycles called biogeochemical cycles where bio refers to the living organism, geo refers to the inorganic molecules such as those found in rocks, air, and water, and chemical refers to the interactions of the elements between them. Water cycle Evaporation-the heat of the sun, or solar energy makes water vapor, which is water in gaseous form, continually rising from water bodies and from the land. Condensation-it brings water into the atmosphere where the water molecules clump together. Precipitation-the clumps get too big and too heavy, they fall back down to the earth. In the form of rain, snow, hail or sleet. Water cycle is the movements of several chemical substances through the ecosystem. Carbon cycle-During photosynthesis plants use up carbon dioxide, combining it with water to form sugars particularly glucose. Consumption of these sugars breaks them down releasing CO2. Nitrogen Cycle-Nitrogen is an important component of proteins, the building block of all living matter. Fixation- the process of converting nitrogen from the gaseous state, N2 to the usable ammonia, NH3, and nitrate NO3. Mineralization or ammonification-involve the breakdown of dead organisms and their proteins and nucleic acids are further broken down into amino acids. Nitrification-where the bacteria such as the nitosomonas use ammonia to produce their energy needs by converting it. Denitrification- is the process by which nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere. Phosphorus cycle-the sedimentary rocks which contain phosphorus in the form of the mineral apatite comprise a pool phosphorus. Phosphorus is released when these rocks weather naturally, which takes along time, or when human mines these rocks to release phosphorus which is used to fertilizers soap. Sulfur cycle- a basically sedimentary nutrients cycles through air, soil and water. The sulfur cycle involves the three spheres as it cycle through the soil, waterway, and atmosphere. It originates from the crust and mantle of the earth and is spewed out during volcanic eruptions. It is found in the volcanic rocks and many minerals. Limiting Factors and the Law of Tolerance Law of the Minimum- states that when there is not enough of a certain nutrient in the environment, the growth of organism that needs that nutrient will be severely limited. Studies also show that too much of any nutrient will likewise limit growth, giving rise to the Law of limiting Factors. Sunlight and Temperature are two important physical factors that limit the distribution and abundance of organism. Species Interactions The population of two species may positively or negatively affect the existence of one another in the community. Mutualism- refers to the interaction between two species where both are benefited. Competition- is an example of a positive negative interaction when two species of the same species strive to obtain the same limited resource. Predation- is an example of a positive negative interaction wherein the predator eats the prey. Parasitism- is another type of positive negative interaction wherein the hosts provide nourishment to the parasite. Commensalism- is a form of positive zero interaction wherein in the commensal also referred to as hitchhiker attaches itself to the host while the host is neither help nor harmed by the interaction. Amensalism- is an example of a negative zero interaction wherein one organism is inhibited while the other is not affected. How to cite Basic Ecological Concept, Essay examples

The Impact Of Technology On Marketing †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss aboutt the Impact Of Technology On Marketing Research. Answer: Introduction From accessing emails to making edits of presentations in business, technology has improved how our days go by and the business environment. Furthermore, marketing research has received tremendous boost from technology. Technological advancements have constantly helped the business environment to become increasingly agile and efficient. In the purview of marketing research, technology has sprung up newer opportunities for getting useful intelligence in the business environment ( Kova Salai, 2014). Despite this premise, technology also carries along some hurdles just like any other form of invention. The most important thing is to focus on the benefits of this noble factor that everyone strives to harness its fruits for the better. In most aspects, technology has made the work of market researchers as well as the process of marketing research per se easier. Even so, there are some mistakes which need to be avoided and researchers must tread with preternatural circumspection. As such, there are many ways that technology is of benefit to marketing research, a factor that draws the focus of this discourse. Discourse Technology has permitted market research companies to establish platforms that are on a self-service basis in which customers foster their own micro-surveys that are short (Zikmund Babin, 2015). This is one of the reasons that ResMarket Pty needs to consider as a research market firm because technology is inevitable. Additionally, technology has fostered agility in the field of market research. Market research that is agile, as an approach, draws its inspiration from the development of agile software that prioritizes; many smaller experiments against fewer but larger bets, data and testing over conventions and opinions, rapid reiterations over campaigns that are of a big-bang, and the response to a change-over after establishing a plan. The real power for a business in the contemporary world is the ability to embrace agility; and adopt what is quickly happening around the very business. These businesses require actionable and relevant data, and comprehend approaches that catapults t hem along pivots that are quicker (Attih, 2014). Technology has established the premise of creating new roles in research. Improvements in technology, undoubtedly, needs new skills. In particular cases, there will be the need to create newer roles that have specialized in the areas that technology has established (Smith Albaum, 2014). As the customers engage with mobile-device multitasking and the entire world, departments in organizations have no choice but to adapt to the changes in behavior and make some strategies to suit them. Therefore, whether a firm embraces technology or not, its customers are constantly embracing it and competition mainly lies in the use of this technology. When a competitor, for example, employs a newer technology as soon as it always shows up, customers tend to shift their allegiance to their products. Again, the creation of new roles is meant to ensure that information that is obtained from mobile devices and social media is uncannily translated in an efficient and effective manner for the benefit of the firm (Attih, 2014). For instance, the analytical CPO is mandated to utilize an approach that is data-driven to make decisions in business. Even though there is room for a judgment based on instincts, the mandate must always depend on the advanced analysis to recommend the best course of action for the firm under help. Social media has extensively lent a hand in promoting market research. Facebook, LinkedIn, Google Plus and Twitter have widened the purview in which marketing research is undertaken. There are many exciting newer ways through which social media is improving market research. Furthermore, it has incorporated a skill that was never adopted before (Zikmund Babin, 2015). The environment that social media has created possesses feedback that has never been filtered before and the true feeling of the clients about a firm and its products or services can be accessed here. Furthermore, this platform is the best for the management of the reputation and promoting the awareness of a brand ( Kova Salai, 2014). Therefore, market researchers can utilize the capabilities that are above board and inherently exist in the social media. When firms learn to master the abilities of social media in market research, their knowledge about the targeted markets shall be enhanced as well ( Kova Salai, 2014). Technology has promoted the ability of firms to analyze data. With a huge amount of data streaming for collection, technology is desperately needed to analyze this information because this stage is the most critical in making sense of the data (Smith Albaum, 2014). In this regard, technology has been instrumental in making the analytics of data easier but sophisticated at the same time. When the analysis of data is above board, that information can be relayed into the establishment of a better management of the customer relationship ( Kova Salai, 2014). For instance, the mobile bigwig, O2, utilizes improved and advanced analytics to foster the retention of customers and maintain loyalty that is long term. The importance is placed on a clearly defined KPIs with improved data, the choices available will enable one to be in a proper position to establish the next steps which are the best for the firm. In a simple way, the huge amounts of information that is received from offline as we ll as online platforms gives market researchers a huge pool to analyze and develop accurate strategies (Zikmund Babin, 2015). Moreover, there is need to go through the information and develop the best one available for the firm and discard the irrelevant one. This is only possible with technology. Most importantly, the researcher shall be aware that his/her work is based on a warehouse of solid data. Conclusion Market research is a field that heavily needs technology than the vice versa. Technology has heavily contributed to the way of approaching market research incorporating evolved solutions to data and advanced capabilities. At this point in time, no market research firm is excused to partake in this process and I recommend ResMarket Pty to equally embrace technology. In the end, it all lies in the fact that customers need to be known better and technology is making this possible. Some of the ways includes; heavy utilization of social media by customers, improvements in the collection of data, establishment of new roles in research, and creation of self-service platforms that enhance engagement freedom by customers and other parties. References Kova, R. Salai, S., 2014. Marketing Research in the Contemporary Consumer Environment. Management Information Systems Journal, Volume 6, pp. 16-22. Attih, O., 2014. THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN MARKETING RESEARCH IN NIGERIA. Marketing Research Journal, p. 47. Smith, S. Albaum, G., 2014. An Introduction To MArketing Research. New Mexico: Qualtrics. Zikmund, W. Babin, B., 2015. Essentials of Marketing Research. 4th ed. Ontario: Cengage Publishers.